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h
Those with a poor prognosis
(~50% or less 5 year survival) such as acute myeloid
leukaemia, several CNS tumours, neuroblastoma, bone and soft tissue sarcomas.
Among these diseases, some have a very poor prognosis such as diffuse intrinsic
pontine glioma, high-risk neuroblastoma and metastatic sarcomas;
h
The extremely rare tumours
, for which there is insufficient information on their real
incidence and survival.
Figure 2: 5 year age-standardized survival from
childhood cancers diagnosed in Europe between
2005 and 2007. Survival for retinoblastoma is calcu-
lated for 0-4 years only, and survival for osteosar-
coma is calculated for 10-14 years only. Figures were
region weighted and those for all cancers together
and CNS cancers were adjusted by case-mix [2]
8
A EUROPEAN CANCER PLAN FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
9
h
CNS tumours (33%), leukaemias (29%) and neuroblastoma (8%) are responsible for 60%
of cancer deaths amongst childrenaged 0 to 14 years.
Figure 3: Cause of death by different cancer (Courtesy of Eva Steliarova-Foucher).
Percentage of all cancer deaths in children (age 0-14) in all 50 areas covered by population-
based cancer registries contributing data for years 2000-2007 to the European Cancer
Observatory (N=6256) [3]. Causes of deaths are classified according to the ICD-10 (WHO, 1992)